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Using CSS

CSS can be added to HTML documents in 3 ways:

  • Inline – by using the style attribute inside HTML elements
  • Internal – by using a <style> element in the <head> section
  • External – by using a <link> element to link to an external CSS file

    The most common way to add CSS, is to keep the styles in external CSS files. However, in this tutorial we will use inline and internal styles, because this is easier to demonstrate, and easier for you to try it yourself.

    Inline CSS

    An inline CSS is used to apply a unique style to a single HTML element.

    An inline CSS uses the style attribute of an HTML element.

    The following example sets the text color of the <h1> element to blue, and the text color of the <p> element to red:

    <h1 style="color:blue;">A Blue Heading</h1>

<p style="color:red;">A red paragraph.</p>

    Internal CSS

    An internal CSS is used to define a style for a single HTML page.

    An internal CSS is defined in the <head> section of an HTML page, within a <style> element.

    The following example sets the text color of ALL the <h1> elements (on that page) to blue, and the text color of ALL the <p> elements to red. In addition, the page will be displayed with a “powderblue” background color: 

    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<style>
body {background-color: powderblue;}
h1   {color: blue;}
p    {color: red;}
</style>
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

    External CSS

    An external style sheet is used to define the style for many HTML pages.

    To use an external style sheet, add a link to it in the <head> section of each HTML page:

    <!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
</head>
<body>

<h1>This is a heading</h1>
<p>This is a paragraph.</p>

</body>
</html>

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